--- synchronized int i; // should be definitely an error if(true) int i; // IMHO, should be an error if(true) l: f(); // should be probably an error --- Consider the following D code copied from C: --- volatile int* p; // volatile statements deprecated; use synchronized statements instead --- A one is forced to change `volatile` -> `synchronized` after brief look at the error and, if he will be unhappy enough, his program will compile. Therefore a case with `if` looks lass common but still signalize about an error. An it is an error in C# (like a variant with label probably because of possible `l: int i;` case): `error CS1023: Embedded statement cannot be a declaration or labeled statement`. Also look at Issue 2197.
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